The Determination of Damage to Reinforced Concrete Beams Designed to 1972 Ministry of Works Design Codes
Currently there is no prescribed method for determining the amount of damage sustained by a reinforced concrete structure designed to pre 1972 New Zealand design standards during an earthquake. One of the key features of these designs is the amount of shear damage that is observed and the lack of knowledge today, in assessing and repairing this form of damage.
Law relating to contracting
The law states that a contract shall be deemed legal if it is drawn up between consenting parties who accept it as complete and unconditional and some external manifestation of assent communicates the acceptance of an offer.(Burrows, Finn, & Todd, 2202, p. 60)
The art of construction estimating
Cost is important to all industry. Costs can be divided into two general classes; absolute costs and relative costs. Absolute cost measures the loss in value of assets. Relative cost involves a comparison between the chosen course of action and the course of action that was rejected. This cost of the alternative action - the action not taken - is often called the "opportunity cost".
Construction Estimating
What is an estimate? What is included in this estimate and where do these costs come from?
Estimate - a list of material and other costs directly and indirectly associated with the construction of your home.
Direct costs will be items such as lumber, concrete, and labor. These items are things that will be permanent fixtures in the home, or such things that will have been done to complete the construction.
|
|
 |
| | | Production Rates Repository
| |
To contribute to this community webpage requires registration. The cornerstone to accurate estimating is in the calculation of true cost and an accurate production rate. Unit Cost = (Fixed Cost / Output) + Variable Cost Please follow the  sponsored links for related topics, thus filling our coffers.
| Excavate and Remove | | Task / Description | Slow | Ave | Fast | Units |
| Excavate Spoil Heaps to Transport, 0.6m3 bucket, Sand/Soil | 14.5 | 20.0 | 25.6 | m3/hr |
| Excavate Spoil Heaps to Transport, 0.6m3 bucket, Gravel Beds | 15.2 | 20.4 | 25.6 | m3/hr |
| Excavate Spoil Heaps to Transport, 0.6m3 bucket, Clay/Chalk | 12.3 | 18.5 | 23.2 | m3/hr |
| Excavate Spoil Heaps to Transport, 0.6m3 bucket, Boulder Clay | 11.2 | 16.9 | 21.3 | m3/hr |
| Excavate Spoil Heaps to Transport, 1.1m3 bucket, Sand/Soil | 25.4 | 30.3 | 35.7 | m3/hr |
| Excavate Spoil Heaps to Transport, 1.1m3 bucket, Gravel Beds | 25.6 | 31.3 | 37.0 | m3/hr |
| Excavate Spoil Heaps to Transport, 1.1m3 bucket, Clay/Chalk | 22.5 | 27.8 | 33.3 | m3/hr |
| Excavate Spoil Heaps to Transport, 1.1m3 bucket, Boulder Clay | 18.9 | 24.4 | 30.3 | m3/hr |
| Load Spoil to Barge, capacity 2,000m3 | - | 8.0 | - | hrs |
| Load Spoil to Barge, capacity 1,500m3 | - | 6.5 | - | hrs |
| Load Spoil to Barge, capacity 1,000m3 | - | 5.5 | - | hrs |
| Spoil conveyor, 600mm belt, 150m/min | - | 260.0 | - | m3/hr |
| Posted @ 6/22/2006 1:51:51 AM by gush@win.co.nz |
|
|
| Concrete Road surfacing | | Task / Description | Slow | Ave | Fast | Units | | Concrete Road surfacing, Kerbs or Side Haunches | - | 0.4 | - | m3/hr | | Concrete Road surfacing, 150mm thick | - | 12.5 | - | m2/hr | | Concrete Road surfacing, 200mm thick | - | 7.7 | - | m2/hr | | Concrete Road surfacing, 300mm thick | - | 6.7 | - | m2/hr |
| Posted @ 6/23/2006 12:56:08 AM by gush@win.co.nz |
|
|
| Basecourse Production Rates | We have found these production rates a good rule of thumb for the construction of Basecourse Urban environment: Spread & Compact Production = 30m3/hr Trimming Production = 250m2/hr Rural environment: Spread & Compact Production = 50m3/hr Trimming Production = 350m2/hr
| Posted @ 5/25/2006 3:44:58 PM by gush@win.co.nz |
|
|
| Working Platforms | | Task / Description | Slow | Ave | Fast | Units |
| Metal KwikStage, 5 Boards with 2m lifts | 11.1 | 11.9 | 12.5 | m run/hr |
| Metal KwikStage, 5 Boards with 3m lifts | 9.1 | 10.0 | 10.5 | m run/hr |
| Metal KwikStage, House Scaffold with 3 lifts | 2.8 | 3.2 | 3.8 | m run/hr |
| Metal Tube and Fittings, 5-6 Boards wide | 3.2 | 3.7 | 4.6 | m run/hr |
| Tube and Fitting Platforms, 50-250m3 | 10.6 | 12.5 | 18.5 | m3/hr |
| Tube and Fitting Platforms, 250-1000m3 | 18.5 | 22.5 | 24.5 | m3/hr |
| Tube and Fitting Platforms, over 1000m3 | 24.5 | 30.0 | 33.5 | m3/hr |
| Tube and Fitting Platforms, striking | - | 200.0 | - | % x erect |
| Posted @ 6/23/2006 2:06:37 AM by gush@win.co.nz |
|
|
| Waterproofing | | Task / Description | Slow | Ave | Fast | Units |
| Asphalt coatings, horizontal surfaces | 3.5 | 4.2 | 5.8 | m2/hr |
| Asphalt coatings, vertical surfaces | 1.2 | 1.7 | 2.2 | m2/hr |
| Bituminous Brushed application, 2 coats | 4.8 | 5.0 | 6.3 | m2/hr |
| Bituminous Brushed application, 3 coats | 3.3 | 3.5 | 4.4 | m2/hr |
| Bituminous Sheets, horizontal surfaces | 3.8 | 4.0 | 4.8 | m2/hr |
| Bituminous Sheets, vertical surfaces | 3.3 | 3.5 | 4.2 | m2/hr |
| Polythene Sheets, horizontal surfaces | - | 20.0 | - | m2/hr |
| Bentonite Sheets, horizontal surfaces | 18.7 | 25.0 | 31.3 | m2/hr |
| Bentonite Sheets, vertical surfaces | 11.2 | 15.0 | 17.3 | m2/hr |
| Epoxy Based application, 1 coat | - | 75.0 | - | m2/hr |
| Epoxy Based application, 2 coat | - | 38.0 | - | m2/hr |
| Posted @ 6/23/2006 2:05:21 AM by gush@win.co.nz |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |